| 孟加拉国历史 |
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| 2007-05-25 12:46 文章来源：www.erd.gov.bd |
| 文章类型：转载 内容分类：其它 |
As a modern nation-state, Bangladesh is one of the youngest, born only in 1971. The land that comprises the nation, however, has a history spanning over thousands of years and been known the world over including medieval Europe as the place where paradise is. To be sure, the then Bengal has been one of the most prosperous regions of the sub-continent, so much so, that not only other kings within the sub-continent tried to subjugate it, but sails were set also by Europeans in search of the land. In any case, she was much coveted by all and thus remained at the centre of imperial intrigues, attempted conquests and the valiant resistance by local princes and people. And the last of the marauders before modern times were the British who on 23 June, 1757 defeated the then Nawab of Bengal in a battle and used it as the staging ground for conquering much of the rest of India to start nearly two centuries of colonial exploitation. Came 1947 and the British departed, leaving behind a divided India. Bangladesh became a part of the then Pakistan and came to be known as East Pakistan. She remained a colony in all but name of the West Pakistani ruling clique during the next 24 years.
During these 24 years, political struggle ensued again, first to demand the right of using Bengali, the mother tongue of the majority of the people; then against various economic, social and political injustices. The struggle culminated in 1971 in an armed struggle against Pakistani army, which earlier embarked on a mission of indiscriminate pillage, loot, rape and genocide. The country finally became free of invaders when the Pakistani Army surrendered on 16th December 1971 to the Mukti Bahini (Bangladesh Liberation Army) and the Indian Army. The political history since liberation had been somewhat checkered. At present, it is a parliamentary democracy along the Westminster model. |
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